What is specific heat capacity?

Specific heat capacity is defined as the amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of a unit mass (typically 1 gram) of a substance by 1 degree Celsius (°C). This property is fundamental in understanding how different materials respond to heat, as it affects how much energy is needed to change their temperature. For instance, substances with a high specific heat capacity can absorb more heat without experiencing a significant temperature change compared to those with a low specific heat capacity.

The other options offered do not accurately describe specific heat capacity. The total energy required for any mass of a substance relates more to overall energy calculations rather than the specific property of temperature change per unit mass. The energy released during a phase change pertains to changes in state, such as melting or boiling, and is distinct from temperature changes. Similarly, the energy absorbed during chemical reactions involves the energy changes associated with chemical bonds and reactions, which is not directly related to the concept of specific heat capacity. Therefore, the correct definition highlights the relationship between heat energy and temperature change for a specific mass of substance.