What is a solution?

A solution is best defined as a homogeneous mixture, meaning that it consists of a uniform combination of substances where the individual components are evenly distributed throughout the mixture. In a solution, the solute (the substance that is dissolved) is mixed at the molecular or ionic level with the solvent (the substance that does the dissolving), resulting in a single phase.

This uniformity is key, as it differentiates solutions from other types of mixtures that may be heterogeneous, where the individual components can be seen and are not uniformly distributed. The definition of a solution emphasizes its consistent properties throughout, making it vital in chemistry for understanding reactions and interactions at the molecular level.

Solids, unsolved mixtures, or types of strong acids do not capture the essence of a solution as accurately as a homogeneous mixture does. A solid compound, for instance, may not involve any dissolution process, while an unsolved mixture lacks the uniform distribution that characterizes a solution. Likewise, while certain strong acids can form solutions when dissolved in water, the term "solution" is not limited to acids or any specific type of solute, but applies broadly to any homogeneous mixture.